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  • Title: Development and validation of the Malingering Discriminant Function Index for the MMPI-2.
    Author: Bacchiochi JR, Bagby RM.
    Journal: J Pers Assess; 2006 Aug; 87(1):51-61. PubMed ID: 16856786.
    Abstract:
    The predictive capacity of the MMPI-2 (Butcher et al., 2001) "fake-bad" validity scales (F, FB, and FP) is diminished when respondents have knowledge (i.e., coached) about the operating characteristics of these scales. In this investigation, we endeavored to develop a MMPI-2 fake bad validity index that would be less vulnerable to validity-scale knowledge. Applying discriminant function procedures, we derived a set of weighted Clinical and Content scales that reliably distinguished large samples of validity-scale coached undergraduate research participants instructed to feign mental illness (n = 534) from psychiatric patient samples (n = 590). We subsequently validated this Malingering Discriminant Function Index (M-DFI) in independent samples of research participants (n = 230) and patients (n = 300) and showed relatively less attenuation in predictive capacity compared with F, FB, and FP across uncoached and validity scale coached feigning conditions.
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