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  • Title: [Pregnant diabetic patients: institutional experience].
    Author: Gutiérrez Gutiérrez HI, Carrillo Iñiguez MJ, Pestaña Mendoza S, Santamaría Ferreira M.
    Journal: Ginecol Obstet Mex; 2006 Apr; 74(4):187-92. PubMed ID: 16886764.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus complicates 3-5% of all pregnancies and is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The diet and insulin have revolutionized the care related with pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE: To report the management experience in patients with diabetes and pregnancy at the Instituto Materno Infantil, Estado de Mexico. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A descriptive, retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study of pregnant women with diabetes and pregnancy was conducted from 2003 to 2004. RESULTS: We included 55 pregnant women who had: gestational diabetes 30 (54.4%), pregestational diabetes 24 (43.6%), and carbohydrate intolerance 1 (1.8%); every one of them were controlled either with diet, insulin or both. The mean age was 30.6, 80% with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, 9% gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 33.3% by abnormal 50 g glucose screening and 46.6% with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The main complications among the patients were urinary disease (61.3%) and the major fetal malformation were those related with cardiovascular disease (9.09%). The most frequent mode of delivery was cesarean section (58%) and birth weight was of 3,146 g. CONCLUSIONS: The main risk factors identified among women in the study group were as follow: More than 25 years of age and family history of diabetes mellitus. We observed a progressive increase in the insulin dosage. The most consistent complications among the patients were urinary infection and the major fetal malformation was cardiovascular disease.
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