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  • Title: Reproducible withdrawal contractions of isolated guinea-pig ileum after brief morphine exposure: effects of clonidine and nifedipine.
    Author: Valeri P, Martinelli B, Morrone LA, Severini C.
    Journal: J Pharm Pharmacol; 1990 Feb; 42(2):115-20. PubMed ID: 1693956.
    Abstract:
    Guinea-pig ileum stored for 30 min in Krebs solution and then mounted in Tyrode solution gave reproducible contracture responses to naloxone after brief exposure to morphine. The preparation lasted for several hours and a variety of pharmacological tests could be made. Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, and nifedipine, a calcium channel antagonist, both known to interfere with tolerance and physical dependence, inhibited naloxone withdrawal contractures in a dose related way. Their action seemed to be receptor-mediated since yohimbine and Bay k 8644, respectively, reversed their inhibitory effect.
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