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  • Title: Neuropeptide immunoreactivity and choline acetyltransferase activity in the mouse urinary bladder following inoculation with Semliki Forest Virus.
    Author: Moss HE, Tansey EM, Milner P, Lincoln J, Burnstock G.
    Journal: J Auton Nerv Syst; 1990 Sep; 31(1):47-56. PubMed ID: 1702131.
    Abstract:
    The effect of Semliki Forest Virus, a known central demyelinating agent and a proposed model for multiple sclerosis, on the innervation of the mouse urinary bladder has been examined 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after inoculation. Three weeks after Semliki Forest Virus inoculation, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide content of the bladder was reduced and the density of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive nerves was decreased in the smooth muscle, but not in the mucosa. Choline acetyltransferase activity and neuropeptide Y and substance P content was normal, as was the pattern of innervation by acetylcholinesterase-containing and neuropeptide Y- and substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibres. Six weeks after Semliki Forest Virus inoculation, the choline acetyltransferase activity was significantly reduced. Between 6 and 9 weeks the level of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the bladder of Semliki Forest Virus-infected mice significantly increased, so that at 9 weeks it was higher than the control value. However, by 12 weeks both choline acetyltransferase activity and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide content were normal. At this time, the substantial age-related increase in substance P content of the bladder was more pronounced in the Semliki Forest Virus-treated animals. Thus there are transitory changes in the innervation of the mouse bladder by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing and cholinergic nerve fibres after exposure to a central demyelinating agent which may reflect changes in bladder dysfunction seen in multiple sclerosis patients.
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