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  • Title: Air in the carotid canal as a predictor of distal internal carotid artery laceration.
    Author: Buis DR, Dirven CM, van den Berg R, Manoliu RA, Vandertop WP.
    Journal: Acta Neurochir (Wien); 2006 Nov; 148(11):1201-3; discussion 1203. PubMed ID: 17031471.
    Abstract:
    The authors describe a 25-year old patient with blunt trauma-induced bilateral, distal segment internal carotid artery (ICA) lacerations, resulting in a left-sided direct carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) and presenting with massive oronasal bleeding. The combination of severe oronasal bleeding, with air in the carotid canal should alarm the treating physician to the presence of a distal internal carotid artery laceration.
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