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  • Title: In-patient detoxification procedures, treatment retention, and post-treatment opiate use: comparison of lofexidine + naloxone, lofexidine + placebo, and methadone.
    Author: McCambridge J, Gossop M, Beswick T, Best D, Bearn J, Rees S, Strang J.
    Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend; 2007 Apr 17; 88(1):91-5. PubMed ID: 17064857.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: In-treatment and post-treatment outcomes were compared for three detoxification procedures (lofexidine+naloxone, lofexidine+placebo naloxone, and methadone). SAMPLE AND DESIGN: The sample was 137 opiate dependent in-patients. Detoxification treatments were 6-day lofexidine+naloxone (n=45), lofexidine+placebo naloxone (n=46), or 10-day methadone reduction (n=46). A cohort study design was used with double-blind random allocation to lofexidine+naloxone versus lofexidine+placebo. Patients who did not consent to, or who were excluded from randomisation received methadone. RESULTS: Outcome differences between treatment groups at follow-up were generally associated with length of stay post-detoxification rather than detoxification procedure. Among patients who were not opiate abstinent throughout follow-up (n=85), those who received lofexidine+naloxone detoxification reported a longer interval to first heroin use, with an interaction between detoxification medication and subsequent retention in treatment also identified. CONCLUSIONS: Detoxification medication may influence medium-term opiate use outcomes via its effect upon retention in treatment.
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