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  • Title: Long-term results of autologous stem cell transplantation for primary refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma.
    Author: Majhail NS, Weisdorf DJ, Defor TE, Miller JS, McGlave PB, Slungaard A, Arora M, Ramsay NK, Orchard PJ, MacMillan ML, Burns LJ.
    Journal: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant; 2006 Oct; 12(10):1065-72. PubMed ID: 17084370.
    Abstract:
    Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has become standard therapy for primary refractory (PR REF) or relapsed (REL) Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL); however, more than half of these patients eventually relapse and die of their disease. We studied long-term outcomes and evaluated factors influencing progression-free survival (PFS) in 141 patients with PR REF or REL HL who underwent ASCT between 1985 and 2003. Median age at ASCT was 30 years (range, 7-60 years); 21 patients had PR REF, and 120 had REL HL. With a median follow-up of 6.3 years (range, 1-20 years), the probability of PFS at 5 and 10 years was 48% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39%-57%) and 45% (95% CI, 36%-54%) and that of overall survival (OS) was 53% (95% CI, 44%-62%) and 47% (95% CI, 37%-57%), respectively. Transplant-related mortality at 100 days was 1.4%. Among 45 5- to 20-year survivors, no late relapses of HL were observed. In multivariate analysis, 3 factors were independently predictive of poor PFS: chemoresistant disease (relative risk [RR], 2.9; 95% CI, 1.7-5.0), B-symptoms at pretransplantation relapse (RR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.3-3.4), and presence of residual disease at the time of transplantation (RR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1-4.8). Patients with 0 or 1 of these 3 adverse factors (low-risk disease) had a 5-year PFS of 67% (95% CI, 55%-79%) compared with 37% (95% CI, 22%-52%) in those with 2 factors (intermediate-risk group) and 9% (95% CI, 0-20%) in those with all 3 factors (high-risk group) (P < .001). The rates of OS at 5 years were 71% (95% CI, 60%-82%), 49% (95% CI, 33%-65%) and 13% (95% CI, 0-27%) in the 3 groups, respectively (P < .001). ASCT is associated with durable PFS in appropriately selected patients with PR REF or REL HL. Using a simple prognostic model, we can identify patients with high-risk disease who have predictably unfavorable outcome after ASCT and require novel therapeutic approaches. A risk-adapted approach should be followed in determining treatment options for patients with PR REF and REL HL.
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