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  • Title: Anesthetic efficacy and pain induced by dental anesthesia: the influence of gender and menstrual cycle.
    Author: Tófoli GR, Ramacciato JC, Volpato MC, Meechan JG, Ranali J, Groppo FC.
    Journal: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod; 2007 Feb; 103(2):e34-8. PubMed ID: 17095263.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives on pain sensitivity and local anesthetic effectiveness. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty volunteers were designated into 3 groups (n = 10): group 1, women using contraceptives; group 2, women not using contraceptives; and group 3, men. Groups 1 and 2 had a buccal infiltration of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine at the upper-right canine during each one of the 5 phases of the menstrual cycle and group 3 at a randomly selected day. Pain threshold, latency period, and pulpal anesthesia were measured with an electrical pulp tester. Injection discomfort was recorded. Data were analyzed with Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS: Pain threshold was higher in men; however, there were no significant differences (P > .05) in anesthetic duration and injection discomfort. CONCLUSION: Injection discomfort and clinical effectiveness of local anesthetics are not related to sex, phases of the menstrual cycle, or use of oral contraceptives.
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