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  • Title: Graft tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 protects after mouse liver transplantation whereas host tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 promotes injury.
    Author: Conzelmann LO, Lehnert M, Kremer M, Zhong Z, Wheeler MD, Lemasters JJ.
    Journal: Transplantation; 2006 Nov 15; 82(9):1214-20. PubMed ID: 17102774.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is a cytokine with pleiotropic effects on the liver. The predominant hepatic receptor for TNFalpha is TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1). TNFR1 mediates liver injury after ischemia/reperfusion but is also mitogenic during hepatic regeneration. This study investigated the role of graft and host TNFR1 in early graft injury after liver transplantation in mice. METHODS: Livers from TNFR1 deficient (TNFR1-/-) and wild type (WT) mice were transplanted into either TNFR1-/- or WT recipients in all four possible combinations after 12 hours of cold storage. After eight hours, alanine transferase (ALT), necrosis, TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, caspase-3 activation, and myeloperoxidase were determined. RESULTS: When TNFR1-/- livers were transplanted into either WT or TNFR1-/- recipients, ALT was twofold greater than when WT donor livers were used. Necrosis and TUNEL staining also increased twofold and sevenfold, respectively, after transplantation of TNFR1-/- donor livers compared to WT. By contrast, ALT and necrosis decreased when WT or TNFR1-/- livers were transplanted into TNFR1-/- hosts compared to WT, which was associated with decreased neutrophil infiltration. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, graft and recipient TNFR1 has opposing effects. Graft TNFR1 decreases graft injury, whereas recipient TNFR1 mediates an increase of injury associated with enhanced neutrophil infiltration. Cross-transplanting of knockout and wild-type livers provides a new means to investigate graft-host interactions during hepatic injury.
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