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  • Title: Inhibitory effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on lipopolysaccharide-induced activation in BV2 microglia.
    Author: Moon DO, Kim KC, Jin CY, Han MH, Park C, Lee KJ, Park YM, Choi YH, Kim GY.
    Journal: Int Immunopharmacol; 2007 Feb; 7(2):222-9. PubMed ID: 17178390.
    Abstract:
    Upon activation, microglia release proinflammatory mediators that play important roles in eliciting neuroinflammatory responses associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have been known, however, the effects responsible for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation remain poorly understood in microglia. In the present study, we investigated the effects of EPA on the expression of proinflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia. EPA significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in a dose-dependent manner. EPA also attenuated the production of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines at mRNA and/or protein levels. Moreover, EPA suppressed NF-kappaB activation by blocking IkappaB degradation, and also blocked the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as ERK, p38 and JNK, and the Akt pathway. The anti-inflammatory properties of EPA may be useful for ameliorating neurodegenerative diseases as well as suppressing LPS-induced shock.
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