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  • Title: Efficacy of azithromycin administration in prevention of respiratory tract infection after bronchoscopic biopsy: a randomized, controlled trial.
    Author: Kanazawa H.
    Journal: Respirology; 2007 Jan; 12(1):70-5. PubMed ID: 17207028.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Respiratory tract infection is a serious complication associated with bronchoscopic biopsy. This study attempted to examine its incidence and determine an efficacious therapy for preventing such infections. METHODS: Nine hundred and thirty patients who underwent bronchoscopic biopsy in Osaka City University Hospital outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study. All patients were randomly assigned to receive a 3-day course of azithromycin (500 mg/day), cefcapene pivoxil hydrochloride (300 mg/day) or no antibiotics. The primary outcome was the incidence of respiratory tract infection after bronchoscopic biopsy among the three groups. RESULTS: In the no-treatment group, nine of the 310 patients (2.9%) had respiratory tract infection after bronchoscopic biopsy. All patients with infection had abnormal bronchoscopic findings. Of the patients with respiratory tract infection, 60% were in the no-treatment group, 26.7% in the cefcapene group and 13.3% in the azithromycin group. Although not statistically significant, the incidence in the azithromycin group (0.7%) was lower than in the no-treatment group (P = 0.06). Among the patients with abnormal bronchoscopic findings, the incidence in the azithromycin group was significantly lower than that in the no-treatment group (3.0% vs. 14.8%; P = 0.02). Moreover, maximum C-reactive protein values also appeared to be lower in the azithromycin group than in the no-treatment group and the cefcapene group. CONCLUSIONS: A 3-day course of azithromycin administration is well tolerated and effective in preventing infection post bronchoscopy.
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