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  • Title: Critical role for NF-kappaB-induced JunB in VEGF regulation and tumor angiogenesis.
    Author: Schmidt D, Textor B, Pein OT, Licht AH, Andrecht S, Sator-Schmitt M, Fusenig NE, Angel P, Schorpp-Kistner M.
    Journal: EMBO J; 2007 Feb 07; 26(3):710-9. PubMed ID: 17255940.
    Abstract:
    Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is a complex process involving a plethora of transcriptional regulators. The AP-1 transcription factor is considered as facilitator of hypoxia-induced VEGF expression through interaction with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) which plays a major role in mediating the cellular hypoxia response. As yet, both the decisive AP-1 subunit leading to VEGF induction and the molecular mechanism by which this subunit is activated have not been deciphered. Here, we demonstrate that the AP-1 subunit junB is a target gene of hypoxia-induced signaling via NF-kappaB. Loss of JunB in various cell types results in severely impaired hypoxia-induced VEGF expression, although HIF is present and becomes stabilized. Thus, we identify JunB as a critical independent regulator of VEGF transcription and provide a mechanistic explanation for the inherent vascular phenotypes seen in JunB-deficient embryos, ex vivo allantois explants and in vitro differentiated embryoid bodies. In support of these findings, tumor angiogenesis was impaired in junB(-/-) teratocarcinomas because of severely impaired paracrine-acting VEGF and the subsequent inability to efficiently recruit host-derived vessels.
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