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  • Title: Fortified mineral water improves folate status and decreases plasma homocysteine concentration in pregnant women.
    Author: Järvenpää J, Schwab U, Lappalainen T, Päkkilä M, Niskanen L, Punnonen K, Ryynänen M.
    Journal: J Perinat Med; 2007; 35(2):108-14. PubMed ID: 17302515.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: There is no mandatory folic acid fortification of food in Finland. We investigated the effects of mineral water fortified with folic acid, vitamins B6, B12, D and calcium on serum and erythrocyte folate concentrations, serum vitamin B12 and plasma homocysteine concentrations in pregnancy. DESIGN: A randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel-group intervention study. METHODS: Seventy-four pregnant women were recruited from two health care units. The study began at the eleventh week with a two-week run-in period, followed by an eight-week intervention period. The diet was monitored by food records. During the intervention, subjects consumed 1000 mL/day fortified or normal mineral water. The pregnancies were monitored carefully. RESULTS: The folate intake was 255 microg/day in the study group and 274 microg/day in the controls. Serum folate concentrations increased in the study group by 10.3 nmol/L and decreased in the controls by 2.7 nmol/L (P<0.05) during the study. The erythrocyte folate concentrations increased in the study group by 360.9 nmol/L and in the controls by 195.6 nmol/L (P=0.004) and serum homocysteine concentrations fell by 1.1 micromol/L and by 0.3 micromol/L, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Finnish pregnant women have low dietary folate intake. Fortified mineral water improved folate status and reduced plasma homocysteine concentrations in the pregnant subjects.
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