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  • Title: Taxol normalizes the impaired agonist-induced beta2-adrenoceptor internalization in splenocytes from GRK2+/- mice.
    Author: Vroon A, Lombardi MS, Kavelaars A, Heijnen CJ.
    Journal: Eur J Pharmacol; 2007 Mar 29; 560(1):9-16. PubMed ID: 17303111.
    Abstract:
    G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is involved in the agonist-induced desensitization of beta2-adrenoceptors. In addition, GRK2 is capable of binding and phosphorylating tubulin. Interestingly, microtubule dynamics profoundly affect agonist-induced internalization of beta2-adrenoceptors. Here, we analyzed agonist-induced beta2-adrenoceptor internalization and signaling in splenocytes from GRK2+/- mice that have a approximately 50% lower level of GRK2 protein compared to wild type (WT) mice. In addition, we investigated the role of microtubule stability in these processes. Splenocytes from GRK2+/- mice express approximately 50% less beta2-adrenoceptors on the cell surface and show impaired agonist-induced beta2-adrenoceptor internalization. Disruption of microtubules using colchicine reduces agonist-induced beta2-adrenoceptor internalization in cells from WT, but not in cells from GRK2+/- mice. Importantly, increasing tubulin stability by taxol almost completely restores the defective agonist-induced beta2-adrenoceptor internalization in cells from GRK2+/- animals, without affecting WT cells. Despite lower surface receptor numbers, cells of GRK2+/- mice show normal beta2-adrenoceptor agonist-induced cAMP responses. Although interfering with microtubule stability has major effects on agonist-induced receptor internalization in GRK2+/- cells, microtubule dynamics do not influence cAMP responses. Our data suggest that cells with low GRK2 adapt to the lower GRK2 level by decreasing the number of beta2-adrenoceptors on the cell surface. In addition, the cellular GRK2 level determines the extent of agonist-induced beta2-adrenoceptor internalization via a mechanism involving microtubule stability. Importantly, however, normalization of agonist-induced receptor internalization by taxol is not sufficient to alter receptor signaling.
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