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  • Title: [Effects of dietary fat on onset of gestational diabetes mellitus].
    Author: Ying H, Wang DF.
    Journal: Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi; 2006 Nov; 41(11):729-31. PubMed ID: 17327027.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of dietary fat on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: Nulliparous pregnant women with GDM (GDM group, n = 85) were compared with normal pregnant women (normal pregnant group, NP group, n = 159). A 24 hours recall dietary assessment was obtained before dietary intervention. From the dietary record a list of the amount of foods consumed, were entered into a software program. The analysis was focused on three nutrients (carbohydrate, protein and fat), especially on dietary fat and fat subtypes. RESULTS: (1) Total calorie per day in GDM group (8970 +/- 2115) kJ was higher than that in NP group (8799 +/- 1785) kJ, but there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). (2) Carbohydrate, protein and fat intake in GDM group (as % kJ) was 51.9 +/- 7.2, 17.5 +/- 0.9 and 30.6 +/- 1.3, respectively. Carbohydrate, protein and fat intake in NP group (as % kJ) was 53.6 +/- 8.1, 18.3 +/- 1.1 and 28.1 +/- 2.3 respectively. Fat intake (as % kJ) in GDM group was significantly higher than that in NP group (P < 0.05), while carbohydrate and protein intake (as % kJ) in GDM group was not significantly different compared with NP group (P > 0.05). (3) Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in GDM group (as % kJ) (8.3 +/- 0.5) was lower than that in NP group (10.1 +/- 0.4) (P < 0.05), but saturated fatty acids (SFA) in GDM group (as % kJ) (15.2 +/- 0.4) was higher than that in NP group (11.7 +/- 0.6) (P < 0.05). Although monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in GDM group (as % kJ) (7.1 +/- 0.5) was higher than that in NP group (6.3 +/- 0.3), there was no significant difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: High dietary fat, high SFA and low PUFA may be one of the high-risk factors triggering GDM.
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