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  • Title: Maternal empathy, self-confidence, and stress as antecedents of preschool children's behavior problems.
    Author: Walker LO, Cheng CY.
    Journal: J Spec Pediatr Nurs; 2007 Apr; 12(2):93-104. PubMed ID: 17371553.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To test psychosocial antecedents (maternal stress, self-confidence, and empathy) of preschoolers' behavior problems. DESIGN AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-two postpartum mothers completed a 24-month longitudinal mail survey. A structural equation model that included empathy was tested. RESULTS: Stress, but not maternal self-confidence or empathy, was directly related to child behavior problems (t=1.98, p=.05). Maternal empathy in combination with self-confidence or stress, however, moderated adverse effects on behavior problems (p=.03). Predictors explained 16% of variance of behavior problems. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Empathy was protective when stress was high. Empathy training may enhance high-risk parent education.
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