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  • Title: Sustained intravascular exposure to propofol does not prolong pain at the site of injection.
    Author: Liljeroth E, Karlsson A, Lagerkranser M, Akeson J.
    Journal: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand; 2007 Apr; 51(4):456-9. PubMed ID: 17378784.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Pain at the site of intravenous injection of propofol is a common clinical finding. This double-blind, randomized cross-over study was designed to evaluate whether venous occlusion applied during injection of a low dose of propofol reduces the intensity of pain at the site of injection compared with no occlusion. METHODS: Bilateral 0.5-ml injections of an emulsion containing 10 mg/ml of propofol were given over 30 s in 75 adult surgical patients. Each patient was given one injection with and one without 60-s occlusion of the cannulated vein with a 10-min interval, and asked to score the maximal pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: The maximal pain intensity [median (25th percentile; 75th percentile), range] at the site of injection was 0.5 (0; 3.5), 0-8.0 VAS units with venous occlusion and 0.5 (0; 1.4), 0-6.0 VAS units without occlusion (P= 0.042). Pain was first reported within 20 s regardless of the study regimen and was not prolonged by local venous occlusion. CONCLUSION: Venous occlusion augments pain intensity at the site of propofol injection without prolonging pain, implying that propofol-induced pain is determined more by the blood concentration than by the duration of intravascular exposure. The low intensity of pain induced by low-dose propofol and the fading of pain despite sustained exposure suggest that initial low-dose administration of propofol should be evaluated for the attenuation of local pain induced by higher intravenous doses of propofol.
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