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  • Title: Reproducibility of right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography: comparison with cardiac MRI.
    Author: Jenkins C, Chan J, Bricknell K, Strudwick M, Marwick TH.
    Journal: Chest; 2007 Jun; 131(6):1844-51. PubMed ID: 17400663.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: The nongeometric nature of the right ventricle (RV) makes it difficult to measure. We sought to determine whether real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) is superior to two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) for the follow-up of RV function by validation vs cardiac MRI. METHODS: RV volumes and ejection fraction (EF) were studied with 2DE (including area-length [A-L], the modified two-dimensional subtraction [2DS] method, and the Simpson method of discs), RT3DE, and MRI in 50 patients with left ventricular wall motion abnormalities, the results of which suggested possible RV infarction. Test-retest variation was performed by a complete restudy using a separate sonographer within 24 h without the alteration of hemodynamics or therapy. Interobserver and intraobserver variations were noted in a subgroup of 20 patients. RESULTS: EF estimations were similar using each technique. The mean (+/- SD) MRI end-diastolic volume (87 +/- 22 mL) was only slightly underestimated by RT3DE (mean difference, -3 +/- 10; p < 0.05), with a greater mean difference for 2DE A-L (-29 +/- 10; p < 0.05), and the Simpson method of discs (-29 +/- 23; p < 0.05), and was greatly overestimated by 2DS (mean difference, 26 +/- 23; p < 0.05). Similarly, the mean MRI end-systolic volume (46 +/- 17 mL) was only slightly underestimated by RT3DE (-4 +/- 7; p < 0.05), compared with 2DE A-L (-16 +/- 8; p < 0.05) and the Simpson method of discs (-16 +/- 8; p < 0.05), and was overestimated by 2DS (14 +/- 13; p < 0.05). RT3DE findings had a higher correlation with each parameter than any 2DE technique. There was also good intraobserver and interobserver correlation between RT3DE by two sonographers. RT3DE had less test-retest variation of RV volumes and EF than any 2DE measure. CONCLUSIONS: RT3DE is more accurate than two-dimensional approaches and reduces the test-retest variation of RV volumes and EF measurements in follow-up RV assessment.
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