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  • Title: Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibilities of extra-intestinal Clostridium difficile isolates.
    Author: Zheng L, Citron DM, Genheimer CW, Sigmon SF, Carman RJ, Lyerly DM, Goldstein EJ.
    Journal: Anaerobe; 2007; 13(3-4):114-20. PubMed ID: 17531516.
    Abstract:
    Amongst 25 extra-intestinal clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile, A(+)B(+) (72%) and A(-)B(+) (4%) toxigenic phenotypes, as well as the non-toxigenic phenotype (A(-)B(-)) (24%), were identified. The A(-)B(-) isolates did not express toxin, yet carried part of the tcdA and tcdB gene and are of a previously unreported toxinotype. Six A(+)B(+) isolates also carried binary toxin genes. Resistance to erythromycin (20%), clindamycin (48%), tetracycline (16%), moxifloxacin (16%) and imipenem (11%) occurred but with no apparent correlation to phenotype. None of the strains was resistant to vancomycin or metronidazole. Imipenem-resistance decreased by EDTA, but susceptibility to meropenem suggests the presence of an imipenem specific metalloenzyme.
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