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  • Title: Risk factors for falls in people with and without a diagnose of dementia living in residential care facilities: a prospective study.
    Author: Eriksson S, Gustafson Y, Lundin-Olsson L.
    Journal: Arch Gerontol Geriatr; 2008; 46(3):293-306. PubMed ID: 17602762.
    Abstract:
    People with dementia are at increased risk of falling. The purpose of this study was to identify predisposing risk factors for falls in older people with and without a diagnose of dementia living in residential care facilities, and to compare the results. Eighty-three residents without dementia (mean age+/-S.D.; 83.5+/-7.1 years) and 103 with dementia (83.6+/-6.3 years) in Umeå, Sweden, participated. The baseline assessment included probable risk factors like walking ability, diagnoses and treatment with drugs. The follow-up period was 6 months. In people with dementia, the fall rate was higher (crude incidence rate ratio 2.55, 95% CI 1.60-4.08) and a larger proportion experienced falls (62% versus 41%). In the group without dementia 54.8% of the variation in falls was explained by a model including orthostatism, "women walking with aid", and treatment with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In the group with dementia 25.5% of the variation in falls was explained by a model including "man walking with aid". Our results show that with the same set of common risk factors for falls a considerably lower proportion of the variation in falls can be explained in the group of people with dementia.
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