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  • Title: Minimally invasive plating of high-energy metaphyseal distal tibia fractures.
    Author: Collinge C, Kuper M, Larson K, Protzman R.
    Journal: J Orthop Trauma; 2007 Jul; 21(6):355-61. PubMed ID: 17620992.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical results and outcomes of a strict cohort of high-energy injuries of the metaphyseal distal tibia with minimal or no intraarticular involvement treated using the minimally invasive plating concept. SETTING: Level II trauma center. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of a consecutive case series with limb-specific and whole-person outcomes measures. INTERVENTION: Minimally invasive medial plating for high-energy metaphyseal fractures of the distal tibia with little or no intraarticular involvement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: Clinical and radiographic results were assessed at a minimum of 1 year, and outcomes measures were applied at final follow-up at a minimum of 2 years. Limbs were assessed with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgeons (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot instrument and the method of Olerud and Molander. Patient outcomes were evaluated with the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (MFA). RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were followed until healed at an average of 36 months (12-56 months). Mean fracture healing time was 35 weeks (12-112 weeks) with acceptable alignment restored (angulation<or=5 degrees or shortening<or=1 cm) in all but 1 case. Two patients (7%) had loss of fixation and 9 (35%) underwent secondary surgeries to achieve union. Risk factors for healing problems included high grades of fracture comminution, bone loss, and high-grade open injuries (P<0.05). SF-36 outcomes scores in 21 patients at >2 years were comparable to normative data of patients with uninjured limbs, whereas MFA results showed functional deficits in 4 of 10 subsections. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive medial plating will restore limb alignment and yield successful clinical outcomes for high-energy metaphyseal fractures of the distal tibia. Despite the significant reoperation rate and prolonged time to union, most patients can expect a predictable return of function. Strong consideration should be given to adjunctive measures in at-risk patients, including those with highly comminuted fracture patterns, bone loss, or Type II or III open fractures.
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