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  • Title: Survival in nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia: early diagnosis by multidetector row computed tomography and early treatment with continuous intravenous high-dose prostaglandin E(1).
    Author: Mitsuyoshi A, Obama K, Shinkura N, Ito T, Zaima M.
    Journal: Ann Surg; 2007 Aug; 246(2):229-35. PubMed ID: 17667501.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to establish a procedure for early diagnosis and treatment of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI). BACKGROUND: NOMI has a high mortality rate, and early diagnosis and treatment are important for improving survival in patients with this condition. METHODS: The subjects were 22 patients treated at our hospital over 13 years. Diagnostic criteria for NOMI were established based on the first 13 cases. In the 9 more recent cases, we performed abdominal contrast multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) upon suspicion of NOMI based on these criteria. Imaging allowed definite diagnosis of NOMI, and continuous intravenous high-dose PGE1 administration was initiated immediately after diagnosis (dose, 0.01-0.03 microg/kg per min; mean administration period, 4.8 days). RESULTS: Nine of the first 13 patients died of multiple organ failure associated with multiple intestinal necrosis. These cases suggested that NOMI may develop when 3 of the following 4 criteria are met after cardiovascular surgery or maintenance dialysis in elderly patients: symptoms of the ileus develop slowly from abdominal symptoms, such as an unpleasant abdominal feeling or pain; a requirement for catecholamine treatment; an episode of hypotension; and slow elevation of the serum transaminase level. In the 9 recent cases, definite diagnosis was made from spasm of the principal arteries in arterial volume rendering and curved planar reformation MDCT images. Early treatment with PGE1 prevented acute-stage NOMI in 8 of the 9 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis of NOMI is possible using the above criteria and MDCT, and initiation of PGE1 treatment may increase survival in patients with NOMI.
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