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  • Title: Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like RNA helicases and the antiviral innate immune response.
    Author: Thompson AJ, Locarnini SA.
    Journal: Immunol Cell Biol; 2007; 85(6):435-45. PubMed ID: 17667934.
    Abstract:
    The antiviral innate immune response follows the detection of viral components by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Two families of PRRs have emerged as key sensors of viral infection: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid inducible gene-I like RNA helicases (RLHs). TLRs patrol the extracellular and endosomal compartments; signalling results in a type-1 interferon response and/or the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, RLHs survey the cytoplasm for the presence of viral double-stranded RNA. In the face of such host defence, viruses have developed strategies to evade TLR/RLH signalling. Such host-virus interactions provide the opportunity for manipulation of PRR signalling as a novel therapeutic approach.
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