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  • Title: Re-evaluation of the true rate of hepatitis C virus mother-to-child transmission and its novel risk factors based on our two prospective studies.
    Author: Hayashida A, Inaba N, Oshima K, Nishikawa M, Shoda A, Hayashida S, Negishi M, Inaba F, Inaba M, Fukasawa I, Watanabe H, Takamizawa H.
    Journal: J Obstet Gynaecol Res; 2007 Aug; 33(4):417-22. PubMed ID: 17688606.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To re-evaluate the true hepatitis C virus (HCV) mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) rate and its novel risk factors. STUDY DESIGN: A comparative study based on our own two prospective studies done during the two periods, 'early' (1989-1994) and 'recent' (1995-2004). RESULTS: All carrier infants became HCV RNA-positive within 3 months after birth. The MTCT and de-carrier rates were, respectively, higher (14.2%) and lower (16.7%) in the recent period, although liver dysfunction of carrier infants was found very frequently (66.7%) in both groups. MTCT occurred significantly when the maternal viral load, serum alanine aminotransferase (sALT) levels and blood loss at delivery were, respectively, more than 10(5) copies/mL, 110 IU/L, and 500 g. No MTCT was found when elective cesarean section was done. CONCLUSIONS: The true HCV MTCT and de-carrier rates were found to be much higher and lower than those reported previously. The maternal liver dysfunction (sALT >or=110 IU/mL) and blood loss (>or=500 g) at delivery are the next risk factors to maternal viral load (>or=10(5) copies/mL) for MTCT.
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