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  • Title: Effects of age and cardiac shunts on the measured uptake of nitrous oxide in children.
    Author: O'Callaghan AC, Koren G, Sloan IA.
    Journal: Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol; 1991 Dec; 74(3):299-315. PubMed ID: 1775723.
    Abstract:
    The uptake of nitrous oxide (N2O) was calculated by using a new application of pharmacokinetics involving cumulative fractional expired N2O concentration at 90 percent steady state. The effect of age on N2O uptake was investigated in 33 normal children undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Uptake was also investigated in 17 children with right-to-left cardiac stunts and 18 children with left-to-right shunts undergoing corrective or palliative cardiac surgery. There was a significant correlation of N2O elimination half-life (T1/2) with age for normal children (p less than 0.001), and for children with right-to-left (p less than 0.001) or left-to-right (p = 0.05) shunts. Elimination T1/2 in children with left-to-right shunts correlated significantly with the calculated shunt fraction (p less than 0.05). By providing a useful means for comparison, this method of measuring N2O uptake permits determination of the effects of age, weight and cardiac shunts on the uptake kinetics of N2O.
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