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  • Title: Kallikrein 6 induces E-cadherin shedding and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
    Author: Klucky B, Mueller R, Vogt I, Teurich S, Hartenstein B, Breuhahn K, Flechtenmacher C, Angel P, Hess J.
    Journal: Cancer Res; 2007 Sep 01; 67(17):8198-206. PubMed ID: 17804733.
    Abstract:
    Recently, we described phorbol ester-induced expression of the brain and skin serine proteinase Bssp/kallikrein 6 (Klk6), the mouse orthologue of human KLK6, in mouse back skin and in advanced tumor stages of a well-established multistage tumor model. Here, we show KLK6 up-regulation in squamous skin tumors of human patients and in tumors of other epithelial tissues. Ectopic Klk6 expression in mouse keratinocyte cell lines induces a spindle-like morphology associated with accelerated proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity. We found reduced E-cadherin protein levels in the cell membrane and nuclear translocation of beta-catenin in Klk6-expressing mouse keratinocytes and human HEK293 cells transfected with a KLK6 expression plasmid. Additionally, HEK293 cells exhibited induced T-cell factor-dependent transcription and impaired cell-cell adhesion in the presence of KLK6, which was accompanied by induced E-cadherin ectodomain shedding. Interestingly, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-3 interfere with KLK6-induced E-cadherin ectodomain shedding and rescue the cell-cell adhesion defect in vitro, suggesting the involvement of matrix metalloproteinase and/or a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) proteolytic activity. In line with this assumption, we found increased levels of the mature 62-kDa ADAM10 proteinase in cells expressing ectopic KLK6 compared with mock controls. Finally, enhanced epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and migration in concert with decreased E-cadherin protein levels are confirmed in an in vivo Klk6 transgenic mouse model.
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