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  • Title: Atorvastatin and celecoxib inhibit prostate PC-3 tumors in immunodeficient mice.
    Author: Zheng X, Cui XX, Avila GE, Huang MT, Liu Y, Patel J, Kong AN, Paulino R, Shih WJ, Lin Y, Rabson AB, Reddy BS, Conney AH.
    Journal: Clin Cancer Res; 2007 Sep 15; 13(18 Pt 1):5480-7. PubMed ID: 17875778.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of atorvastatin and celecoxib administered individually or in combination on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells cultured in vitro or grown as xenograft tumors in immunodeficient mice. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Human prostate cancer PC-3 cells in culture were treated with atorvastatin and celecoxib alone or in combination. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were injected s.c. with PC-3 cells. The mice received daily i.p injections starting 2 days before tumor cell inoculation and continuing during the course of treatment with atorvastatin (10 microg/g body weight/d), celecoxib (10 microg/g/d), a combination of atorvastatin (10 microg/g/d) and celecoxib (10 microg/g/d), or a combination of atorvastatin (5 microg/g/d) and celecoxib (5 microg/g/d). RESULTS: Atorvastatin in combination with celecoxib had stronger effects on growth inhibition and apoptosis of PC-3 cells than either agent used individually. Atorvastatin and celecoxib in combination also had a stronger inhibitory effect on activation of nuclear factor-kappaB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in PC-3 cells than either agent alone. Treatment of SCID mice with combinations of atorvastatin and celecoxib more effectively inhibited the formation and growth of PC-3 tumors in the mice than either agent administered alone. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib had a more potent inhibitory effect on the growth of PC-3 cells cultured in vitro or grown in SCID mice than either agent alone. A combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib may be an effective strategy for the prevention of prostate cancer.
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