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  • Title: Ventilation induced pneumothorax following resolved empyema.
    Author: Nyman AG, Sonnappa S, Prendiville AT, Jaffe A.
    Journal: Pediatr Pulmonol; 2008 Jan; 43(1):99-101. PubMed ID: 18041079.
    Abstract:
    We report a case of pneumothorax as a result of positive pressure ventilation in a child previously treated for empyema. Three months following discharge for successful treatment of empyema our patient received a general anesthetic for an elective MRI of the brain for investigation of nystagmus. During recovery from the anesthetic he developed respiratory distress and was found to have a loculated pneumothorax. We propose that pleural fragility in childhood empyema possibly persists even after clinical resolution and in this case for up to 3 months. The complication of pneumothorax should be considered in all patients receiving positive pressure ventilation following resolved empyema.
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