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  • Title: Gene expression in endothelial cells and intimal smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis-prone or atherosclerosis-resistant regions of the human aorta.
    Author: Wara AK, Mitsumata M, Yamane T, Kusumi Y, Yoshida Y.
    Journal: J Vasc Res; 2008; 45(4):303-13. PubMed ID: 18212511.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: We compared the atherogenic gene expression in the intimas of atherosclerosis-prone regions (proximal walls), which are exposed to disturbed shear stress, and atherosclerosis-resistant regions (apices), which are exposed to unidirectional laminar shear stress, at the orifices of the intercostal arteries of human aortas. METHODS AND RESULTS: Expression of mRNAs, detected by in situ RT-PCR, for IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, VCAM-1, PAF receptor and GRP in endothelial cells (ECs), and of PDGF receptor beta (PDGFR-beta), MCP-1, GRP and collagen type-1 by smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the proximal walls, was significantly enhanced, while seldom observed in the elastic-hyperplastic layer of the apices. Protein expression of PDGFR-beta, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha was also observed on the proximal walls. SMC growth in the apices was inhibited. Cultured SMC growth and their expression of PDGFR-beta were also significantly inhibited by elastin. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the construction of the elastic-hyperplastic layer and the subsequent inhibition of SMC growth by elastin, with stabilized ECs under unidirectional laminar shear stress, resulted in atherosclerosis-resistant regions at the apices of human aortas, and that the continuous induction of atherogenic gene expression by ECs activated by disturbed shear stress inhibits the formation of atherosclerosis-resistant intima along the proximal walls.
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