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  • Title: Pd-catalyzed aryl amination mediated by well defined, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-Pd precatalysts, PEPPSI.
    Author: Organ MG, Abdel-Hadi M, Avola S, Dubovyk I, Hadei N, Kantchev EA, O'Brien CJ, Sayah M, Valente C.
    Journal: Chemistry; 2008; 14(8):2443-52. PubMed ID: 18224651.
    Abstract:
    Pd-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig amination protocols mediated by Pd-PEPPSI precatalysts is described. These protocols provide access to a range of hindered and functionalized drug-like aryl amines in high yield with both electron-deficient and electron-rich aryl- and heteroaryl chlorides and bromides. Variations in solvent polarity, base and temperature are tolerated, enhancing the scope and utility of this protocol. A mechanistic rationalization for base strength (pKb) requirements is also provided.
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