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  • Title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha regulates skin inflammation and humoral response in atopic dermatitis.
    Author: Staumont-Sallé D, Abboud G, Brénuchon C, Kanda A, Roumier T, Lavogiez C, Fleury S, Rémy P, Papin JP, Bertrand-Michel J, Tercé F, Staels B, Delaporte E, Capron M, Dombrowicz D.
    Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol; 2008 Apr; 121(4):962-8.e6. PubMed ID: 18249437.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) alpha, beta/delta, and gamma are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. In addition to their regulatory role on lipid and glucose metabolism, they exert anti-inflammatory properties. In skin both PPAR-alpha and PPAR-beta/delta regulate keratinocyte proliferation/differentiation and contribute to wound healing. The 3 PPAR isoforms are expressed by several cell types recruited into the dermis during inflammation. OBJECTIVE: We have investigated the role of PPAR-alpha in the regulation of atopic dermatitis (AD), a common skin inflammatory disease. METHODS: We chose a mouse model of inflammatory dermatosis with immunologic features of AD and used epicutaneous sensitization with ovalbumin in the absence of adjuvant, which mimics the human pathology. RESULTS: On antigen sensitization, PPAR-alpha-deficient mice display increased epidermal thickening, dermal recruitment of inflammatory cells, lung inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and IgE and IgG2a production compared with their wild-type counterparts. Increased inflammation was correlated to an enhancement of TH2 and, to a greater extent, TH1 responses and to increased skin expression of nuclear factor kappaB. Interestingly, PPAR-alpha expression was decreased in eczematous skin from patients with AD compared with skin from nonatopic donors, suggesting that defective PPAR-alpha expression might contribute to the pathology. Topical application of WY14643, a specific PPAR-alpha agonist, significantly decreased antigen-induced skin inflammation in the AD model. CONCLUSION: PPAR-alpha acts as a negative regulator of skin inflammation in AD.
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