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  • Title: Breast feeding in infancy and arterial endothelial function later in life. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
    Author: Järvisalo MJ, Hutri-Kähönen N, Juonala M, Mikkilä V, Räsänen L, Lehtimäki T, Viikari J, Raitakari OT.
    Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr; 2009 May; 63(5):640-5. PubMed ID: 18285807.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Breast feeding in infancy may be associated with reduced cardiovascular morbidity in adulthood. We examined the association between breast feeding in infancy and arterial function and structure in adulthood in a population-based cohort of Finnish adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Noninvasive ultrasound was used to measure brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid artery compliance (CAC) in 1667 young adults participating in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study with data on early nutrition. RESULTS: Maximal FMD was higher in breast-fed men compared to formula-fed men (7.2+/-4.0 vs 5.9+/-3.4%, P=0.029) while no differences were seen between breast-fed and formula-fed women (8.9+/-4.5 vs 8.8+/-5.0%, P=0.84). In men, the multivariable correlates of FMD included the group variable for breast feeding (P=0.014), birth weight (P=0.043), waist circumference (P<0.001) and baseline brachial artery diameter (P<0.001). In women, the multivariable correlates of FMD were birth weight (P=0.02), waist circumference (P<0.001) and brachial artery baseline diameter (P<0.001). Breast feeding was not significantly associated with IMT or CAC in multivariable models. CONCLUSIONS: Adult men who have been breast fed have better brachial endothelial function compared to men who have been formula fed.
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