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  • Title: Cyanosis produced by superior vena caval stenosis.
    Author: Kogon BE, Plattner C, Jennings S, Lyle T, McConnell M, Book WM.
    Journal: Ann Thorac Surg; 2008 Mar; 85(3):1083-5. PubMed ID: 18291206.
    Abstract:
    Superior vena cava syndrome is a rare complication of pacemaker implantation. Narrowing and occlusion of the superior vena cava is often asymptomatic due to the formation of decompressive collateral pathways to the right atrium. We present a case in which an anomalous venous pathway allowed decompression of the systemic venous return into the left atrium, resulting in arterial desaturation, cyanosis, and fatigue.
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