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  • Title: Medical ethics for children: applying the four principles to paediatrics.
    Author: Baines P.
    Journal: J Med Ethics; 2008 Mar; 34(3):141-5. PubMed ID: 18316452.
    Abstract:
    I will argue that there are difficulties with the application of the four principles approach to incompetent children. The most important principle - respect for autonomy - is not directly applicable to incompetent children and the most appropriate modification of the principle for them is not clear. The principle of beneficence - that one should act in the child's interests - is complicated by difficulties in assessing what a child's interests are and to which standard of interests those choosing for children should be held. A further problem with the four principles approach is that parental authority does not follow clearly from the four principles.
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