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  • Title: An understanding of the electrophilic/nucleophilic behavior of electro-deficient 2,3-disubstituted 1,3-butadienes in polar diels-alder reactions. A density functional theory study.
    Author: Domingo LR, Chamorro E, Pérez P.
    Journal: J Phys Chem A; 2008 May 01; 112(17):4046-53. PubMed ID: 18370427.
    Abstract:
    The electrophilic/nucleophilic behavior of dimethyl 2,3-dimethylenesuccinate 1, an electron-deficient 2,3-disubstituted 1,3-butadiene, in polar Diels-Alder reactions has been studied using DFT methods at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. The electronic nature of bonding of the transition structures involved in the cycloaddition reactions of the diene 1 toward the nucleophilically activated dienophile 6 and the strong electrophilically activated dienophile 7 has been carefully examined within the natural bond orbital (NBO) and the topological analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) frameworks. Additionally, a study of the global electrophilicity pattern of the reagents at the ground state was performed. This evidence allows us to rationalize the participation of electron-deficient 2-susbtituted and 2,3-disubstituted 1,3-butadienes as nucleophiles in polar Diels-Alder reactions.
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