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  • Title: Vitamin D receptor polymorphism (-1056 Taq-I) interacts with smoking for the presence and progression of periodontitis.
    Author: Nibali L, Parkar M, D'Aiuto F, Suvan JE, Brett PM, Griffiths GS, Rosin M, Schwahn C, Tonetti MS.
    Journal: J Clin Periodontol; 2008 Jul; 35(7):561-7. PubMed ID: 18410395.
    Abstract:
    AIM: The aim of this analysis was to investigate the relationship between a vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and the diagnosis and progression of periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were derived from two different studies, including 231 subjects with healthy periodontium, 224 aggressive periodontitis and 79 chronic periodontitis (CP) patients in a case-control investigation. Sixty-one of these CP patients also took part in an observational study with a 1-year follow-up, in which progression of periodontitis was determined at the subject level. All 534 subjects provided a blood sample from which genomic DNA was extracted to study VDR -1056 TaqI polymorphism. RESULTS: The interaction between smoking and VDR polymorphism was associated with the diagnosis of periodontitis in Caucasians [p=0.001, odds ratio (OR)=1.33, 95% confidence intervals (CI)=1.12-1.57] and all subjects (p=0.033, OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.04-2.48). In the longitudinal study, subjects were divided into two clusters at 1 year according to the median number of progressing sites (Delta cumulative attachment loss >2 mm). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the interaction between VDR Taq-I polymorphism and smoking showed limited evidence of association with the "severe progression" cluster (p=0.033, OR=15.24, 95% CI=1.24-187.42). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D receptor Taq-I TT polymorphism was moderately associated with both the presence and the progression of periodontitis in smokers, while no association was detected in non-smoking individuals. VDR genetic factors may interact with smoking in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
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