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  • Title: Tuberculosis in a low-incidence US area: local consequences of global disruptions.
    Author: Lobato MN, Mohamed MH, Hadler JL.
    Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis; 2008 May; 12(5):506-12. PubMed ID: 18419885.
    Abstract:
    SETTING: Tuberculosis (TB) in the United States is increasingly concentrated among foreign-born persons. The northeastern states, including Connecticut, are among those with the highest proportion of foreign-born patients. METHODS: This retrospective analysis of surveillance data from Connecticut for 1996 through 2005 compared TB case rates and risk factors among US-born and foreign-born persons. RESULTS: Between 1996 and 2005, TB cases declined by 8.7% in foreign-born persons and by 53.6% in US-born persons. The median annual incidence rate for foreign-born persons was 19.7 cases per 100000 population compared with 1.5 for US-born persons. Refugees had the highest TB rate (116 cases/100000) in the first year of their arrival. Resistance to any drug was more common among foreign-born persons (15.0%) than among US-born persons (9.3%). Although the proportion of multidrug-resistant TB was highest among foreign-born persons with prior TB (5.6%), most cases occurred in those without prior TB. Risk factors for TB, such as human immunodeficiency virus infection, drug use, incarceration and homelessness, were more common among US-born TB patients than among foreign-born patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although TB case rates for US-born persons in Connecticut have declined dramatically, foreign-born persons, including refugees fleeing conflict, contribute disproportionately to the TB burden. Future efforts to eliminate TB must be directed toward immigrants and refugees.
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