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  • Title: Randomized study of dual versus single ritonavir-enhanced protease inhibitors for protease inhibitor-experienced patients with HIV.
    Author: Collier AC, Tierney C, Downey GF, Eshleman SH, Kashuba A, Klingman K, Vergis EN, Pakes GE, Rooney JF, Rinehart A, Mellors JW, AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol A5143 Team.
    Journal: HIV Clin Trials; 2008; 9(2):91-102. PubMed ID: 18474494.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To compare activity and safety of a regimen containing lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) + fosamprenavir (FPV) to regimens with LPV/r or FPV + r and to test the hypothesis that a ritonavir-enhanced dual protease inhibitor (PI) regimen has better antiviral activity. METHOD: This study was a multicenter, open-label, randomized study. HIV-infected adults with prior PI failure were selectively randomized based on prior PI experience to either LPV/r, FPV + r, or LPV/r + FPV. All patients received tenofovir DF and 1 to 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar across arms. Study enrollment and follow-up were stopped early (N = 56) because pharmacokinetic analyses showed significantly lower LPV and FPV exposures in the dual-PI arm. At Week 24, proportions achieving >1 log10 decline in HIV RNA or <50 copies/mL in the dual-PI versus single-PI arms combined were 75% vs. 61% in intent-to-treat (ITT, p = .17) and 100% vs. 64% in as-treated (AT) analyses (p = .02), respectively. Median CD4+ T cell/mm3 increases were 81 vs. 41 (ITT, p = .4) and 114 vs. 43 (AT, p = .08), respectively. Clinical events and toxicity rates were not different between arms. CONCLUSION: The trial was unable to show a difference between dual versus single PIs in ITT analyses but favored dual PIs in AT analyses.
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