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  • Title: [Provision of Russia's pediatric population with sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being].
    Author: Onishchenko GG.
    Journal: Gig Sanit; 2008; (2):72-7. PubMed ID: 18509923.
    Abstract:
    There have been negative tendencies for the formation of public health to be preserved in the past decade. The most important tendency is for the worse physical development and health of children and adolescents. The 2002 All-Russian medical examination of children has provided support for the negative tendencies in the health status of children - the proportion of healthy children during the above period had reduced from 45.5% to 33.9%. The incidence of endocrine, digestive, and locomotor diseases, congenital malformations, and mental disorders has particularly increased. It should be said that the health status of the general population and primarily children is determined by the influence of a number of factors, including sociohygienic living conditions (up to 25-40%), man-made environmental pollution (above 25%), intraschool environmental factors (21-27%), and health care quality (up to 25%). School-age children account for about 70% of the pediatric population. It is in this age group that shows the greatest rise in morbidity. In recent years, the Principal Public Sanitary Inspector of the Russian Federation has published 5 regulations on various aspects of sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being in children. A number of regions of the country take actions on the creation of proper conditions for the upbringing, education, and health-improvement of children. The present-day educational system is characterized by a great diversity of curriculums. At the same time, only one curriculum and one educational technology have a sanitary-and-epidemiological conclusion on health safety. Adolescents with risky forms of sexual behavior have increased in number. This in combination with underhygienic measures leads to the spread of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases among them. For children's sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being in the Russian Federation, it is expedient: 1) to complete the development of the adverse influence of environmental factors on the health status of children, which envisages the implementation of measures to improve their habitat (ambient air, portable water), intraschool environment, and living conditions in the families, socially poor ones in particularly, nutritional pattern, and lifestyle in children and adolescents; and 2) to introduce prophylactic syllabi at school in order to form healthy life style skills, a conscious attitude to the health status of theirs and those around them, etc. in children and adolescents.
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