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  • Title: Investigation of natural radioactivity levels in water around Kadugli, Sudan.
    Author: Osman AA, Salih I, Shaddad IA, El Din S, Siddeeg MB, Eltayeb H, Idriss H, Hamza W, Yousif EH.
    Journal: Appl Radiat Isot; 2008 Nov; 66(11):1650-3. PubMed ID: 18513978.
    Abstract:
    Surface water from Miri Lake and groundwater from around Kadugli (West-Central Sudan) obtained by means of hand-pumps was analysed for (238)U, (226)Ra, (222)Rn, and (232)Th activity concentrations. The surface water showed very low levels of radionuclide concentrations: <1.0-7.5, 8.5-16.5, <1.6, and <0.1-0.39 mBq L(-1) for (238)U, (226)Ra, (222)Rn, and (232)Th, respectively. Groundwater revealed a significant amount of natural radioactivity (16.1-1720, 7.7-14.3, 3000-139,000, <0.1-39 mBq L(-1)) respectively. The overall annual effective dose was below the WHO reference dose level of 0.1 mSv yr(-1) except in one groundwater sample with an associated dose of 0.7 mSv yr(-1).
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