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  • Title: Diode laser treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: anatomical and refractive outcomes.
    Author: Axer-Siegel R, Maharshak I, Snir M, Friling R, Ehrlich R, Sherf I, Shalev B, Sirota L, Weinberger D.
    Journal: Retina; 2008 Jun; 28(6):839-46. PubMed ID: 18536600.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To examine the anatomical and refractive outcomes of infrared diode laser photocoagulation (DLPC) for the treatment of threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: The charts of all consecutive premature neonates with ROP treated by DLPC at our tertiary center from December 1, 1996, to December 31, 2004, were reviewed. RESULTS: The group included 100 neonates (194 eyes) with a mean birth weight +/- SD of 833.9 +/- 250.3 g and a mean gestational age +/- SD of 26 +/- 1.9 weeks. Sixty-two percent of neonates had zone I or posterior zone II ROP. Each eye received a mean +/- SD of 1,740 +/- 990 laser applications, and 21% of eyes received an additional 1 to 2 rows posterior to the ridge. Neonates treated after December 2003 (cutoff date of the Early Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity study) underwent a significantly greater number of laser applications (mean +/- SD, 2,286 +/- 1,087) than did neonates treated earlier. Anatomical results of laser treatment were favorable for 179 eyes (92.3%) at a mean follow-up +/- SD of 33.6 +/- 27.2 months. After vitreoretinal surgery, partial or total retinal detachment was documented for 2.5% of patients who received posterior-to-the-ridge laser treatment and 3.8% of patients treated only on the avascular retina. Refractive data were available for 134 eyes: 55.2% had myopia of -5 diopters (31.3%) or greater (23.9%). Strabismus was found in 21 (28.8%) of 73 neonates tested. Gestational age was correlated with corrected age at treatment, zone of ROP, number of laser applications, and spherical equivalent. Snellen visual acuity of 6/12 or more occurred in 17 of 24 patients who complied with testing. CONCLUSION: DLPC is a safe and effective treatment for ROP. Neonates of lower gestational age and birth weight require earlier and more aggressive laser treatment and may have a higher refractive error.
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