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  • Title: Brain glucagon-like peptide 1 signaling controls the onset of high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and reduces energy expenditure.
    Author: Knauf C, Cani PD, Ait-Belgnaoui A, Benani A, Dray C, Cabou C, Colom A, Uldry M, Rastrelli S, Sabatier E, Godet N, Waget A, Pénicaud L, Valet P, Burcelin R.
    Journal: Endocrinology; 2008 Oct; 149(10):4768-77. PubMed ID: 18556349.
    Abstract:
    Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a peptide released by the intestine and the brain. We previously demonstrated that brain GLP-1 increases glucose-dependent hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. These two features are major characteristics of the onset of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we investigated whether blocking brain GLP-1 signaling would prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes in the mouse. Our data show that a 1-month chronic blockage of brain GLP-1 signaling by exendin-9 (Ex9), totally prevented hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in HFD mice. Furthermore, food intake was dramatically increased, but body weight gain was unchanged, showing that brain GLP-1 controlled energy expenditure. Thermogenesis, glucose utilization, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, muscle glycolytic respiratory index, UCP2 expression in muscle, and basal ambulatory activity were all increased by the exendin-9 treatment. Thus, we have demonstrated that in response to a HFD, brain GLP-1 signaling induces hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and decreases energy expenditure by reducing metabolic thermogenesis and ambulatory activity.
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