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  • Title: R1626 plus peginterferon Alfa-2a provides potent suppression of hepatitis C virus RNA and significant antiviral synergy in combination with ribavirin.
    Author: Pockros PJ, Nelson D, Godofsky E, Rodriguez-Torres M, Everson GT, Fried MW, Ghalib R, Harrison S, Nyberg L, Shiffman ML, Najera I, Chan A, Hill G.
    Journal: Hepatology; 2008 Aug; 48(2):385-97. PubMed ID: 18570306.
    Abstract:
    UNLABELLED: R1626, a prodrug of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA polymerase inhibitor R1479, showed time-dependent and dose-dependent reduction of HCV RNA levels in a previous study. The present study evaluated the efficacy and safety of R1626 administered for 4 weeks in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a +/- ribavirin in HCV genotype 1-infected treatment-naive patients. Patients were randomized to: DUAL 1500 (1500 mg R1626 twice daily [bid] + peginterferon alfa-2a; n = 21); DUAL 3000 (3000 mg R1626 bid + peginterferon alfa-2a; n = 32); TRIPLE 1500 (1500 mg R1626 bid + peginterferon alfa-2a + ribavirin; n = 31); or standard of care (SOC) (peginterferon alfa-2a + ribavirin; n = 20). At 4 weeks HCV RNA was undetectable (<15 IU/mL) in 29%, 69%, and 74% of patients in the DUAL 1500, DUAL 3000, and TRIPLE 1500 arms, respectively, compared with 5% of patients receiving SOC, with respective mean reductions in HCV RNA from baseline to week 4 of 3.6, 4.5, 5.2, and 2.4 log(10) IU/mL. Synergy was observed between R1626 and peginterferon alfa-2a and between R1626 and ribavirin. There was no evidence of development of viral resistance. Adverse events (AEs) were mainly mild or moderate; seven patients had nine serious AEs (including one patient with one serious AE in SOC). The incidence of Grade 4 neutropenia was 48%, 78%, 39%, and 10% in DUAL 1500, DUAL 3000, TRIPLE 1500, and SOC, respectively, and was the main reason for dose reductions. CONCLUSION: A synergistic antiviral effect was observed when R1626 was combined with peginterferon alfa-2a +/- ribavirin; up to 74% of patients had undetectable HCV RNA at week 4. Dosing of R1626 was limited by neutropenia; a study of different dosages of R1626 in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin is underway.
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