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  • Title: Muscle strength and flexibility characteristics of people displaying excessive medial knee displacement.
    Author: Bell DR, Padua DA, Clark MA.
    Journal: Arch Phys Med Rehabil; 2008 Jul; 89(7):1323-8. PubMed ID: 18586134.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To determine differences in strength and range of motion (ROM) between participants who exhibit medial knee displacement (MKD) during a squat that is corrected by a heel lift and those who do not. DESIGN: Case control. SETTING: Sports medicine research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-seven healthy subjects (control, 19; MKD, 18) with no lower-extremity injury in the past 6 months volunteered to participate. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Peak force was measured in newtons using a hand-held dynamometer and passive ROM was measured in degrees with a goniometer. Separate multivariate analyses of variance were used to determine differences in strength and ROM between groups. Post hoc testing was used to elucidate differences between groups. RESULTS: The MKD group had the following: greater hip external rotation strength (P=.03), increased hip extension strength (P=.01), less plantarflexion strength (P=.007), and increased hip external rotation ROM (P=.008). CONCLUSIONS: The MKD group exhibited tight and weak ankle musculature. Interventions focusing on improving strength and ROM of the ankle may improve kinematics during a squat.
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