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Title: Metabolic syndrome predicts lower functional recovery in female but not in male patients after an acute cardiac event.
Author: Caminiti G, Volterrani M, Marazzi G, Massaro R, Vitale C, Gatta L, Mammi C, Miceli M, Rosano G.
Journal: Int J Cardiol; 2009 Jul 10; 135(3):296-301. PubMed ID: 18606472.
Abstract:
AIMS: To evaluate whether metabolic syndrome MS has a gender dependent effect on the recovery of functional capacity in patients (pts) with coronary heart disease (CHD) undergoing a cardiac rehabilitation program. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 286 CHD patients, age 66.2+/-10.6 (median+/-SD); M/F 187/99. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (MS, 48%) or not (nMS, 52%) of MS. MS was present in 48% of patients. Functional capacity was assessed by the distance walked at six minute walking test (6MWT), and by a maximal exercise test. Compared to patients without MS, those with MS walked a lower distance at 6MWT (438+/-110 vs 408+/-123 m; p<0.05), had a lower maximal exercise capacity (7.6+/-1.8 vs 9.3+/-1.2 MET; p<0.05) and a lower heart rate recovery (HRR) (16+/-9 vs 22+/-8; p<0.05). Male patients with or without MS had a similar degree of functional recovery (51%) while women with MS had a significantly lower recovery than nMS (20% vs 40%). In a multivariate logistic regression model, including body mass index, age, gender hypertension, ejection fraction and diabetes, MS predicted a reduced performance at 6MWT in the overall population (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.7 to 2.4) and in women (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.20-1.62), while it was not predictive in males. CONCLUSIONS: CAD patients with MS have lower functional recovery and HRR than nMS. However MS is an independent predictor of lower exercise capacity only in female gender.

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