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  • Title: Phylogenic analysis of the M genes of influenza viruses isolated from free-flying water birds from their Northern Territory to Hokkaido, Japan.
    Author: Manzoor R, Sakoda Y, Mweene A, Tsuda Y, Kishida N, Bai GR, Kameyama K, Isoda N, Soda K, Naito M, Kida H.
    Journal: Virus Genes; 2008 Oct; 37(2):144-52. PubMed ID: 18612806.
    Abstract:
    During 2000-2007, 218 influenza viruses of 28 different combinations of HA (H1-H13) and NA (N1-N9) subtypes were isolated from fecal samples of free-flying water birds at two distant lakes in Hokkaido, Japan. Phylogenic analysis of the matrix (M) genes of 67 strains, selected on the basis of their subtype combinations, revealed that A/duck/Hokkaido/W95/2006 (H10N8) was a reassortant whose M and NA genes [corrected] belonged to North American non-gull-avian and the other six [corrected] genes to Eurasian non-gull-avian lineages. The M genes of other 65 strains belonged to Eurasian non-gull-avian and the one to Eurasian-gull lineages. The M genes of 65 strains were grouped into three different sublineages, indicating that influenza viruses circulating in different populations of free-flying water birds have evolved independently in nature.
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