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  • Title: Venous valves within left ventricular coronary veins.
    Author: Anderson SE, Quill JL, Iaizzo PA.
    Journal: J Interv Card Electrophysiol; 2008 Nov; 23(2):95-9. PubMed ID: 18690527.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to quantify and characterize venous valves within the major left ventricular (LV) veins of human hearts. METHODS: Fiberscope cameras were inserted into the coronary sinus and were manipulated to major LV coronary veins of perfusion fixed human hearts (n = 26). Observed venous valves were categorized by type and location and compared among the major LV veins. RESULTS: Discernible venous valves were present in 23 of 26 examined hearts (89%); altogether, 105 valves were identified. Sixty-one of the valves were observed at the ostia to smaller branch veins (58% of all valves observed). CONCLUSIONS: Coronary venous valves could hinder or aid in the advancement of guide wires, catheters, and/or the placement of leads for a variety of cardiac interventional procedures. The characterization and quantification of venous valves could explain the difficulty or success in accessing targeted coronary venous locations.
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