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  • Title: COOH-terminal truncated HBV X protein plays key role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
    Author: Ma NF, Lau SH, Hu L, Xie D, Wu J, Yang J, Wang Y, Wu MC, Fung J, Bai X, Tzang CH, Fu L, Yang M, Su YA, Guan XY.
    Journal: Clin Cancer Res; 2008 Aug 15; 14(16):5061-8. PubMed ID: 18698024.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: X protein (HBx), a product of hepatitis B virus, has been closely associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on observations that the COOH-terminal truncated HBx was frequently detected in HCC, the aim of this study is to evaluate the function of COOH-terminal truncated HBx in hepatocarcinogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Expression pattern of HBx was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray containing 194 pairs of HCCs and their matched nontumor liver tissues. MIHA and HepG2 cells transfected with full-length (X2) and COOH-terminal truncated HBx (X1) were tested for their ability to grow in soft agar and form tumors in vivo. Proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using 2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide inner salt and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assays, respectively. To gain additional insight, the expression profile of HepG2-X2 and HepG2-X1 were compared using cDNA microarray. RESULTS: COOH-terminal truncated HBx was frequently detected in HCCs (79.3%, n = 111), and our in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the truncated rather than the full-length HBx could effectively transform immortalized liver cell line MIHA. Interestingly, expression profiling revealed differential expression of key genes implicated in the control of cell cycle and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings strongly suggest that the COOH-terminal truncated HBx plays a critical role in the HCC carcinogenesis via the activation of cell proliferation.
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