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  • Title: Behavioural risk factors for acquisition of HIV infection and knowledge about AIDS among male professional blood donors in Delhi.
    Author: Chattopadhya D, Riley LW, Kumari S.
    Journal: Bull World Health Organ; 1991; 69(3):319-23. PubMed ID: 1893506.
    Abstract:
    In 1989-90 a study was carried out in Delhi of the risk behaviours and epidemiological characteristics exhibited by 15 paid blood donors who were positive for human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus and on 100 paid seronegative donors. All the donors were male. Compared with the seronegative donors, a significantly greater proportion of seropositive donors were unmarried, had lived in at least two cities in the previous 5 years, donated blood at least once per month, were heterosexually promiscuous, and had visited a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. Awareness about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was poor, and even those donors who had heard of AIDS were ignorant about certain important aspects. The results indicate that, based on the risk factors identified in this study, there is a need to adopt more careful selection criteria for blood donors in India. In 1990, 15 of the 20 HIV seropositive and 100 seronegative male blood donors from 2 commercial blood banks in Delhi, India were interviewed to identify risk behaviors and epidemiologic traits associated with professional blood donors. The overall HIV infection rate stood at 1.1/1000 blood donations between March 1989-February 1990. In October 1988, it was 2.8. All of the HIV seropositive men donated blood at least every 2 months and 87% donated blood at least once a month compared with 31% of the seronegative men who donated blood. (p.001). 93% of the seropositive men donated blood at 1 blood bank whereas only 45% of the seronegative men did (p.001). 87% of the seropositive donors had multiple sex partners while only 9% of the seronegative donors did (p..001). The seropositive men tended to be single and have lived in =or+ 2 urban areas in the preceding 5 years (p.001). 66% of the blood donors who donated blood at 1 blood bank knew about AIDS while only 34% of those who donated at 1 center did (p.05). 63% of the married donors knew about AIDS compared with 42% for the single donors (p.05). Yet no difference existed in knowledge about AIDS between the seropositive and seronegative groups. Knowledge was scant even for the 59 blood donors who knew about AIDS, e.g., 53% were not aware that blood transfusions can transmit AIDS and 22% had multiple sex partners. Therefore the national strategy to control AIDS in India should include AIDS education campaigns geared to professional blood donors. Further blood banks need to screen for individuals who have AIDS risk factors. It is suggested that the blood transfusion service should not rely on professional blood donors since they know little about AIDS and represent a high-risk group.
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