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  • Title: Induction of apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cells by crude saponin from Platycodi Radix.
    Author: Kim JY, Park KW, Moon KD, Lee MK, Choi J, Yee ST, Shim KH, Seo KI.
    Journal: Food Chem Toxicol; 2008 Dec; 46(12):3753-8. PubMed ID: 18955103.
    Abstract:
    This study examined the apoptotic effects of crude saponins acquired from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum (SPR) in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. SPR decreased HT-29 cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manners by inducing apoptosis via DNA fragmentation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. The apoptosis induced by SPR was associated with the activation of initiator caspases-8 and -9, as well as the effector caspase-3. SPR stimulated Bid cleavage, indicating that the apoptotic action of caspase-8-mediated Bid cleavage leads to the activation of caspase-9. SPR increased the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, and decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. SPR also increased the expression of the caspase-independent mitochondrial apoptosis factor, AIF, in HT-29 cells. These results indicate that SPR inhibits HT-29 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, which may be mediated via both caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
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